Bioethik in Ostmittel- und Osteuropa
Ausgabe: 4/2007
53. Jahrgang
Medizinethik in Ostmitteleuropa
Aim of the present study is to describe the development of Medical Ethics in Eastern Central Europe. In doing so, the focus is not only on the situation in the eastern neighboring states that resulted from the disintegration of the Warsaw Pact in 1990 but is rather seen in a twofold frame of reference: On the one hand in the historical context since modern medical practice has been conceptualized as the technical application of the knowledge of the natural sciences to humans since the middle of the nineteenth century when topics of modern medical ethics have emerged. And on the other hand in relation to medical scientific and action theory (»theory of medicine«), because this is the argument of the present paper the possibility of a scientifically sound legitimation of medical practice is not only to be understood ethically as a problem of well-founded and societally recognized normative standards, but at the same time as a question of the theory of medicine. In the latter case it has to be clarified how the content of knowledge is causative for action and how, or if, it acquires legitimizing importance. The paper discusses the relation of theory and practice, the formation of knowledge and how the theoretical content of cognition becomes practical in a kind of action the object of which are human beings. In this sense, in Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik 53 (2007) 311 recent history, the discussion of the question of legitimacy in Germany as in eastern neighbouring states has been to a large degree, an analysis and discussion of the methodical foundation of modern medical practice and its implications regarding the concept of man and the understanding of illness.
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