Verantwortliches Entscheiden in der Medizin
Ausgabe: 3/2010
56. Jahrgang
Zum Verhältnis von Krankheitsbegriff, Normativität und Anthropologie in der daseinsanalytischen Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
The recent discussion on a general concept of disease focusses, among others, on its possibly normative implications. In Daseinsanalysis, a psychiatric and psychotherapeutic tradition based on Heideggerian anthropology, the normative element of the concept of disease is held to be of crucial importance: mental illness is interpreted as failing a norm. The claim is, however, that such failure must not be diagnozed from an objective point of view but rather by the internal standards of the individual patient. While both the main representatives of Daseinsanalysis, Ludwig Binswanger and Medard Boss, agree on this point, their theories also show significant differences: Binswanger holds on to the idea of man as a self-relational being as elaborated in Heideggers Being and Time; Boss, focussing on the later Heidegger, gives up the idea of subjectivity. This affects the claim not to judge a patients condition by external standards through applying a concept of disease. For the anthropological prerequisites necessary to do justice to this claim can no longer be met.
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