Philosophische Aspekte der Medizin
Ausgabe: 2/2011
57. Jahrgang
Erklären und Verstehen in der Psychiatrie Genese und Bedeutung im Kontext der Medizin- und Philosophiegeschichte
The relations between medicine and philosophy are complex, reciprocal and go back to the time of antiquity. This is especially true for psychiatry, both theoretical and practical.The dualism of explaining as the preferred method of the natural sciences and understanding as that of the humanities is a case in point. In the tradition of Giovanni Vico, Friedrich Schleiermacher, Johann Gustav Droyen, Wilhelm Dilthey, Wilhelm Windelband and Max Weber the psychiatrist and philosopher Karl Jaspers explicates the importance of both these methods for medicine and psychiatry. In addition, he distinguishes different types of understanding: static, genetic, rational, spiritual, existential and metaphysical. The debate about which of the methods is to be preferred under which cirumstances continues until today and raises crucial questions about the concepts of disease and therapy and the physician-patient-relationship.
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